IMR Press / FBL / Volume 22 / Issue 6 / DOI: 10.2741/4528

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark (FBL) is published by IMR Press from Volume 26 Issue 5 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher on a subscription basis, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Frontiers in Bioscience.

Review

Third phase science: defining a novel model of research into human ageing

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1 ELPIs Foundation for Indefinite Lifespans, York Road, London TW10 6DR, UK
Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed) 2017, 22(6), 982–990; https://doi.org/10.2741/4528
Published: 1 January 2017
Abstract

While the current paradigm of research into ageing relies heavily upon reductionist premises, and it has clearly not produced any of the dramatic benefits anticipated in our fight against ageing, the majority of scientists are hesitant, unable or unwilling to consider different or alternative models. In this paper I will discuss some of the shortcomings of a reductionist view of research aimed at finding treatments against ageing degeneration, and I will highlight several areas where proposed future treatments for basic age-relateddegeneration may be vulnerable to severe criticism. As an alternative model, I will attempt to present a different integrative concept of research which may result in a decrease of the impact of ageing, in participating humans. This model is based on a more inclusive worldview, examining the relationship between humans and their environment, the integration of humans with technology, and the biological consequences of an increasingly techno-cognitive ecosystem.

Keywords
Ageing
Degeneration
Third Phase Science
Reductionism
Rejuvenation
Biotechnologies
Techno-Culture
Review
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