IMR Press / FBL / Volume 10 / Issue 1 / DOI: 10.2741/1520

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark (FBL) is published by IMR Press from Volume 26 Issue 5 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher on a subscription basis, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Frontiers in Bioscience.

Article
A three-generation approach in biodemography is based on the developmental profiles and the epigenetics of female gametes
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1 Center for Demographic Studies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed) 2005, 10(1), 187–191; https://doi.org/10.2741/1520
Published: 1 January 2005
Abstract

We suggest that there are three premises underlying the need for biodemographic analyses of three-generations: 1.) To describe the structure of the genome, we need to use (apart from mutations) other kinds of heritable changes such as those mediated by facultative elements (variations) and epigenetic alterations. 2.) There are many reasons to analyze individual development and its deviations, such as the biodemographic perspective of fertilization - but also including all long-term intra-generational events of oogenesis and meiosis (beginning with the embryogenesis of the individual's mother - or during the grandmother's pregnancy). 3.) We need to explore the reality that every fertilized egg links - physically and genetically - three successive generations. We focus on genetic and epigenetic events, which start during egg cell lineage determination in F(n-2) gestation and which influence the developmental profile of F(n) generation cohorts. The three-generation approach in epidemiology and biodemography is important so that we might increase our understanding of the effects of environmental forces, such as viral epidemics, and of catastrophes, such as the Chernobyl accident. It is also important for evaluating the processes of senescence and the determinants of human disease.

Keywords
Genome
facultative elements
mutation
variations
epigenetics
heritable changes
epigenetic inheritance
three-generation approach
female gametes
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