Background: Systematic evaluation of the effects of vitamin D supplementation in heart failure (HF) patients. Methods: Searches were conducted on National Library of Medicine, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WANFANG databases. We analyzed data by using Review Manager 5.4 software. All are from the earliest records to March 2023. Outcome indicators analyzed the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), the left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter (LVEDD), the B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level and the 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) level. Results: Ten studies with 1099 patients were included. LVEF (mean difference (MD) = 0.74, 95% CI: –0.29 to 1.76, p = 0.41), LVEDD (MD = –0.59, 95% CI: –1.83 to 0.66, p = 0.25), BNP (MD = –0.08, 95% CI: –0.24 to 0.08, p = 0.34), 25(OH)D (MD = 0.41, 95% CI: –0.28 to 1.11, p = 0.25) are not statistically significant. And there is no heterogeneity in the results of LVEF, LVEDD and BNP indicators. Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation may not be helpful in the clinical management of patients with HF.