Background: This study aimed to explore the association between BMI
and/or central obesity parameters and measures of arterial hemodynamics to assess
the effect of obesity on function of large arteries. Methods: Data was
obtained from 634 subjects undergoing health assessment at Ruijin Hospital,
Shanghai. Subjects were divided into 3 groups according to their Body Mass Index
(BMI (kg/m) 24 normal, 24–28 overweight, 28 obese). In
addition, central obesity was described by waist-hip ratio (WHR)
and waist-height ratio (WHtR). Radial arterial waveforms and carotid-femoral
pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) were measured with the subjects recumbent. Central
arterial pressures were measured by pulse wave analysis of the radial waveform
calibrated to peripheral cuff systolic (PSP) and diastolic pressure (PDP) to
obtain central systolic pressure (CSP), central diastolic pressure (CDP), central
pulse pressure (CPP), central augmentation pressure (CAP), and central
augmentation index (cAIx). Pulse pressure was determined from the ratio of
peripheral (PPP) and central (CPP) pulse pressure (PPP/CPP). Results:
CAP and cAIx were lowest in the obese group (p 0.01). Pressure
amplification was significantly higher as BMI increased (p 0.05).
After adjusting for confounding factors, WC, WHtR and WHR were independent risk
factors for cf-PWV ( = 0.120, p = 0.001,
= 0.103, p = 0.004, = 0.092,
p = 0.013), When BMI, WC, WHtR, WHR were put into the stepwise linear
regression model, only WC was an independent risk factor for cf-PWV
( = 0.135, p 0.001). Conclusions: Central
obesity (WC and WHR) measures may have greater predictive value for vascular
stiffness than BMI. This possibility warrants further studies focused on arterial
wave travel and its relationship with body fat distribution.