Dear Colleagues,

Neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders can be at multiple levels, ranging from psychological profiles of cognitive dysfunction and affective disturbance to the elucidation of molecular, cellular, and circuit-based mechanisms that underlie these pathologies. Cutting-edge advances in neuroscience provide powerful tools for characterizing these pathological states, identifying the neural computations involved, and guiding more precise research and therapeutic interventions. Despite significant progress, most neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders still lack effective disease-modifying treatments, underscoring the critical need for innovative and translatable therapeutic approaches.

This Special Issue highlights the latest experimental and translational advances in neurology and neuropsychiatry, emphasizing neural correlates of cognitive impairments and psychiatric disturbances. We cordially invite authors to contribute original research articles focusing on (but not limited to) the following themes:

• Etiology, pathogenesis, and progression mechanisms
• Prophylactic, disease-modifying, and therapeutic interventions including novel targets
• Innovations in drug discovery and development, naturally derived biomedicines, bioactive molecules, and vaccines
• Preclinical in vitro and animal models
• Bench-to-bedside translational research
• Bedside-to-bench translational research

We also welcome comprehensive reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses that synthesize state-of-the-art evidence and chart future directions in this rapidly evolving field.

Masaru Tanaka and Simone Battaglia
Guest Editors