Background: To further understand Robert’s uterus and sum up the experience of diagnosis and treatment for Robert’s uterus. A 17-year-old woman came to our hospital for dysmenorrhea in 18 April 2012. She had had severe dysmenorrhea [VAS (visual analogue scales): 6 marks] since her menarche occurring in December 2010. Gynecological examination: patent vagina and a smooth cervix. Type-B ultrasonic instrument indicated two uterine cavities. The right uterine cavity contained a liquid anechoic area. There was no continuous echo between the right uterine inferior segment and cervical canal, and there was only a cervical echo. For further diagnosis and treatment, the patient underwent hysteroscopy combined with laparoscopy. The patient was diagnosed with Robert’s uterus and received removal of the uterine septum. Five years later, the patient smoothly gave a full-term baby boy. Conclusion: Gynaecologists must pay close attention to the primary dysmenorrhea occurring in juvenile females in order to find uterine malformation early as much as possible.