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Case Report
Acardius acephalus fetus – report of distinctive anatomical anomalies with regards to pathophysiology of TRAP sequence
P. Lewitowicz1, A. Wincewicz2,*, D. Koziel3, J. Matykiewicz3, A. Horecka-Lewitowicz4, M. Koda5,6, L. Kanczuga-Koda6, S. Gluszek3, S. Sulkowski4
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1
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Heath Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University, Kielce
2
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Heath Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University, Kielce
3
Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Heath Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University, Kielce
4
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Heath Sciences, Jan Kochanowski Memorial University, Kielce
5
Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok
6
Department of Pathology, Bialystok Oncology Centre, Bialystok (Poland)
Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol. 2015, 42(6), 814–818;
https://doi.org/10.12891/ceog2013.2015
Published: 10 December 2015
Abstract
Acardiac fetuses are consequences of twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP). Here the authors present a case of 40-year-old gravida IX who gave birth to a healthy, 2,900 g female child by a cesarean section. Additionally amorphic 1,020 g maldeveloped fetus was removed. There was a diamnion monochorionic type of twin placenta with incorrect single umbilical arteries (SUA) both in umbilical cord of healthy fetus and in atrophic second umbilical cord. A malformed fetus developed a rather well formed lower leg with four digital foot and oval shape amorphous body mass with omphalocele and eventration of the intestines. X-ray picture showed well visible metatarsal and femur bone and anatomically undefined bones cluster in the central part. A cavity of fetal body contained intestines - the only one well-formed organ, nests of heterotopic pilosebaceous residues, remnants of adrenal glands, well-formed ganglia, and nests of neural tissue covered by neuroepithelium.
Keywords
Acardius acephalus
Organ underdevelopment
Disruption
Twin reversed arterial perfusion
Hypoxia