Background: It is well documented that menopause is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events; however, the results of studies focusing on the association between premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and the risk of CV events are controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the risk of CV events among women with POI compared to women with menopausal aged 50–54 years. Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed (including Medline), Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted from 1990 to 2022 to retrieve observational studies published in English-language. The studies’ quality was assessed using structured standard tools. Primary-outcome was the pooled risk of the composite outcome of CV events. Results: We included 16 studies involving 40,549 women who suffered from POI and 1,016,633 women as controls. After adjustment for hormone therapy, the pooled risk of composite outcome of CV events and coronary heart disease, among women with the POI was significantly 1.3 (Pooled-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.06–1.63, I{}^2: 0%) and 1.4 (Pooled adjusted HR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.17–1.66, I{}^2: 0%) fold higher than women with menopausal age 50–54 years. There was no difference between the groups regarding the risk of stroke and death due to CV events between two groups. There was not sufficient data for pooled analysis of other specific CV events. Conclusions: In conclusion, POI is associated with an increased risk of CV events, particularly coronary heart disease. Our findings extend prior work with data supporting POI as a risk-enhancing factor for CV events. However, more studies are needed to confirmed these findings.