Purpose: Our study aimed to develop a questionnaire to assess the reliability and validity of exercise attitudes and behavior intentions among survivors of an aortic dissection (AD). Methods: There were two phases to the study between April 2021 and April 2022. Phase I involved the development of an initial version of the Exercise Attitudes and Behavior Intentions Questionnaire (EABIQ) through literature reviews, qualitative interviews, Delphi expert consultations and a pre-experimental study. During Phase II, the reliability and validity of the questionnaire was assessed in 160 survivors with AD. Results: A 62-item EABIQ for AD survivors was developed. Eleven common components with eigenvalues larger than 1 were identified by exploratory factor analysis. The scale’s variance explained cumulatively rate was 75.216%. The content validity index at the item level for the EABIQ varied from 0.813 to 1.000 and the S-CVI/Ave was 0.934. The correlation coefficients between each scale dimension and the overall scale ranged from 0.405 to 0.785, with all p-values less than 0.05. Cronbach’s alpha for the whole scale was 0.929, with Cronbach’s alpha for each domain ranging from 0.835 to 0.965. The overall scale split-half reliability coefficient was 0.960, with each domain’s split-half reliability coefficient ranging from 0.844 to 0.962. Conclusions: The AD exercise attitudes and behavior intentions questionnaire has high reliability and validity and is generally consistent with the hypothetical theoretical framework. It can be used as a judgment tool to measure the exercise behavior for AD patients.