Journal of Food Safety and Food Quality (JFSFQ) is published by IMR Press from Volume 76 Issue 1 (2025). Previous articles were published by another publisher under the hybrid model (CC-BY license or on a subscription basis), and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement
Assessment of the efficiency of cleaning and disinfection protocols against Enterococcus faecalis biofilms recovered from milk pipes
1 Laboratory of Food, Biomedical and Environmental Microbiology (LAMAABE), Abou Bakr Belkaid University, Tlemcen, Algeria
2 Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
3 Laboratoire universitaire de biodiversité et écologie microbienne, LUBEM Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
4 Institute of Applied Sciences and Techniques “ISTA”, University of Tlemcen, Alegria
5 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Amar Telidji University, Laghouat, Algeria
Dr. Asmaa Cherif Anntar
Laboratory of Food, Biomedical and Environmental
Microbiology (LAMAABE)
Abou Bakr Belkaid University
Tlemcen
Algeria
asmaa.cherifanntar@univ-tlemcen.dz
Abstract
The formation of bacterial biofilm in dairy plant is the main source of milk and related dairy products contamination which is commonly related to improper Cleaning and Disinfection (C&D). Cleaning-In-Place (CIP) is the conventional process described to clean and remove on milk residues and bacterial contaminants from dairy processing lines. In this study, effectiveness of 3, 5 and 7 steps CIP protocols was evaluated against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) mature biofilms formed on stainless steel (SS) coupons. The results revealed that the most effective treatment was the 7 step protocol based on 2% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) cleaning combined with 3% enzyme mixture at 50°C for 20 minutes followed by 1% nitric acid (HNO3) at 55°C for 20 minutes and completed by 0.5% quaternary ammonium at 25°C for 20 minutes showed a significant difference in the number of recovered cells between untreated and treated coupons with a value of 5.32 log cfu/cm2 which was a very satisfying reduction level followed by CIP 2 with 4 log reduction value and CIP 1 presented by 3.14 log reduction. Even with 5 log reduction, a complete E. faecalis biofilm removal was not reached, showing persistence of mature biofilm to C&D protocols.
Keywords
- biofilm
- cleaning in place
- dairy industry
- Enterococcus faecalis
- stainless steel
