Dear Colleagues,

While influenza viruses have long caused a significant burden on humans and animals, new variants of influenza virus continue to emerge. Highly pathogenic H5NX and H7NX viruses infect domestic poultry, causing enormous economic losses to this industry. The current vaccine for human seasonal influenza viruses is available, but efficacy needs to be improved. To prepare for the next pandemic, the continuous surveillance in humans and animals, development of better vaccine for humans and animals, and study of the pathogenesis of potential pandemic viruses are all needed. In this special issue, research on vaccines, epidemiology, and pathogenesis to human and animal influenza viruses are welcomed.

Prof. Sang Heui Seo

Guest Editor