IMR Press / FBL / Volume 23 / Issue 2 / DOI: 10.2741/4587

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark (FBL) is published by IMR Press from Volume 26 Issue 5 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher on a subscription basis, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Frontiers in Bioscience.

Review

EEG and ERP biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease: a critical review

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1 National Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, 57 Amerikai ut, Budapest, 1145, Hungary
2 Semmelweis University School of PhD Studies, Janos Szentagothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, 26 Ulloi ut, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
3 Semmelweis University, Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, 58 Tuzolto utca, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
4 Semmelweis University Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 6 Balassa utca, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
5 Translational Neuromodeling Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Wilfriedstrasse 6, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
6 Laboratory for Social and Neural Systems Research, Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Blümlisalp strasse 10, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
7 Semmelweis University Department of Neurology, 6 Balassa utca, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed) 2018, 23(2), 183–220; https://doi.org/10.2741/4587
Published: 1 January 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The polyhedral aspects of dementia)
Abstract

Here we critically review studies that used electroencephalography (EEG) or event-related potential (ERP) indices as a biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease. In the first part we overview studies that relied on visual inspection of EEG traces and spectral characteristics of EEG. Second, we survey analysis methods motivated by dynamical systems theory (DST) as well as more recent network connectivity approaches. In the third part we review studies of sleep. Next, we compare the utility of early and late ERP components in dementia research. In the section on mismatch negativity (MMN) studies we summarize their results and limitations and outline the emerging field of computational neurology. In the following we overview the use of EEG in the differential diagnosis of the most common neurocognitive disorders. Finally, we provide a summary of the state of the field and conclude that several promising EEG/ERP indices of synaptic neurotransmission are worth considering as potential biomarkers. Furthermore, we highlight some practical issues and discuss future challenges as well.

Keywords
Alzheimer’s disease
Mild Cognitive Impairment
Electroencephalography
Sleep
Event-Related Potentials
Mismatch Negativity
Review
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