IMR Press / RCM / Volume 24 / Issue 7 / DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2407205
Open Access Original Research
Regulatory T Cell as Predictor of Intramyocardial Hemorrhage in STEMI Patients after Primary PCI
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1 Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050 Beijing, China
2 Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050 Beijing, China
3 Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder Related Cardiovascular Disease, 100191 Beijing, China
4 Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050 Beijing, China
*Correspondence: xueer09@163.com (Weiping Li); lhw19656@sina.com (Hongwei Li)
Rev. Cardiovasc. Med. 2023, 24(7), 205; https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2407205
Submitted: 30 September 2022 | Revised: 30 December 2022 | Accepted: 17 January 2023 | Published: 14 July 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndromes)
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.
This is an open access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Abstract

Background: Intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) is a result of ischemia-reperfusion injury in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Despite patients with IMH show poorer prognoses, studies investigating predictors of IMH occurrence are scarce. This study firstly investigated the effectiveness of regulatory T cell (Treg), peak value of Creatine Kinase MB (pCKMB), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) as predictors for IMH. Methods: In 182 STEMI patients received PPCI, predictors of IMH were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. The predictive ability of risk factors for IMH were determined by receiver operating characteristic curves, net reclassification improvement (NRI), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) and C-index. Results: Overall, 80 patients (44.0%) developed IMH. All 4 biomarkers were independent predictors of IMH [odds ratio [OR] (95% confidence interval [CI]): 0.350 (0.202–0.606) for Treg, 1.004 (1.001–1.006) for pCKMB, 1.060 (1.022–1.100) for hsCRP, and 3.329 (1.346–8.236) for LVESD]. After propensity score matching (PSM), the biomarkers significantly predicted IMH with areas under the curve of 0.750 for Treg, 0.721 for pCKMB, 0.656 for hsCRP, 0.633 for LVESD, and 0.821 for the integrated 4-marker panel. The addition of integrated 4-marker panel to a baseline risk model had an incremental effect on the predictive value for IMH [NRI: 0.197 (0.039 to 0.356); IDI: 0.200 (0.142 to 0.259); C-index: 0.806 (0.744 to 0.869), all p < 0.05]. Conclusions: Treg individually or in combination with pCKMB, hsCRP, and LVESD can effectively predict the existence of IMH in STEMI patients received PPCI. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03939338.

Keywords
ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI)
intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH)
regulatory T cell (Treg)
prediction
Funding
2021ZD0111000/National Key R&D Program of China
82070357/National Natural Science Foundation of China
Beijing Key Clinical Subject Program
Figures
Fig. 1.
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