Background: The role of soluble interleukin-1 receptor type 2 (sIL-1R2)
in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains undocumented. In the present study,
we aimed to evaluate the possible associations of sIL-1R2 with left ventricular
(LV) function, remodeling and future clinical events in the setting of AMI.
Methods: Circulating sIL-1R2 levels were quantified after percutaneous
coronary intervention (PCI) on day 1 of hospital admission for 204 AMI patients,
and upon enrollment of 204 healthy controls. Echocardiography was conducted in
the acute phase and at 12-month follow-up. Adverse clinical events were
registered after 12 months. Results: Circulating sIL-1R2 levels were
significantly higher in AMI patients than in healthy controls (medians
respectively 6652.81 pg/mL, 3799.13 pg/mL, p 0.0001). AMI patients
with sIL-1R2 levels less than the median had a larger proportion of worsened LV
ejection fraction [a decrease in LV ejection fraction (LVEF) of more than 10%
units] and reduced LVEF (a final LVEF 50%). After multivariate adjustment,
sIL-1R2 levels less than the median were associated with an increased risk of
worsened LVEF [odds ratio (OR): 3.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6–8.5,
p = 0.002] and reduced LVEF at 12 months (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1–4.3,
p = 0.035). Moreover, low sIL-1R2 levels were associated with an
increased risk of having an adverse clinical event during the first 12 months
after AMI [hazard ratio (HR): 2.5, 95% CI: 1.0–6.1, p = 0.039].
Conclusions: Low levels of circulating sIL-1R2 were associated with
impaired recovery of LV function and adverse clinical outcomes in AMI patients.
These findings might contribute to understanding the important role of sIL-1R2 in
postinfarction inflammation.