IMR Press / FBL / Volume 28 / Issue 5 / DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2805091
Open Access Original Research
Naringenin Impedes the Differentiation of Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow into Mature Dendritic Cells, thereby Prolonging Allograft Survival
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1 Department of Kidney Transplantation, Hospital of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
2 Institute of Organ Transplantation, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
3 Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
*Correspondence: xucuixiang1129@163.com (Cuixiang Xu)
Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed) 2023, 28(5), 91; https://doi.org/10.31083/j.fbl2805091
Submitted: 22 November 2022 | Revised: 14 March 2023 | Accepted: 23 March 2023 | Published: 11 May 2023
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.
This is an open access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Abstract

Background: The use of immature dendritic cells (imDCs) to induce donor-specific immunotolerance following in vivo stimulation is limited by their low rate of induction and their tendency to undergo maturation. We derived imDCs from bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs-imDCs). We then tested the ability of naringenin (Nar) to impede the maturation of HSCs-imDCs for inducing transplantation immune tolerance. Methods: HSCs derived from bone marrow were collected and induced to differentiate into imDCs by treating with Nar (Nar-HSCs-imDCs). Flow cytometry was used to evaluate DC surface markers, apoptosis, and endocytic ability. The ability of DCs to influence the in vitro proliferation of T cells and of regulatory T cells (Tregs) was analyzed by mixed lymphocyte reaction assays. Enzyme-linked immunoassays were used to quantify cytokine levels in supernatants from co-cultured DCs and Tregs, as well as in the serum of experimental animals. The level of immunotolerance induced by Nar-HSCs-imDCs was evaluated by skin grafting in recipient Balb/c mice, while the Kaplan-Meier method was used to statistically evaluate graft survival. Results: Compared with HSC-imDCs, Nar-HSCs-imDCs showed higher expression of cluster of differentiation 11c (CD11c), but lower expression levels of CD80, CD86, and major histocompatibility complex class II. Nar-HSCs-imDCs also showed stronger inhibition of T cells and higher Treg cell proliferation. Interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon gamma levels were downregulated in Nar-HSCs-imDCs, whereas IL-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor beta levels were upregulated. The rate of apoptosis and endocytic capacity of Nar-HSCs-DCs increased significantly after treatment with lipopolysaccharide. HSCs-imDCs or Nar-HSCs-imDCs were injected into Balb/c mice via the tail vein 7 days before skin grafting. Significantly reduced donor-specific CD4+ T cells and induced proliferation of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells were observed in the spleen of mice from the Nar-HSCs-imDCs group, especially at a dose of 106 Nar-HSCs-imDCs. The latter group also showed significantly prolonged survival of skin grafts. Conclusions: Nar-HSCs-imDCs markedly improved the acceptance of organ allografts, offering a potentially new strategy for inducing immune tolerance in transplantation.

Keywords
naringenin
hematopoietic stem cells
immature dendritic cells
immune tolerance
skin graft
Funding
2021BJ-07/Technology Talent Support Program of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital
81900686/National Natural Science Foundation of China
21JS038/Key Projects of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education
2020YXM-08/Science and Technology Incubation Fund Project of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital
2021ZDLSF01-07/Shaanxi Province Key R&D Project
Figures
Fig. 1.
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