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The C24:0 Sulfatide Isoform as an Important Molecule in Type 1 Diabetes
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The Bartholin Institute, Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
*Correspondence: buschard@dadlnet.dk (Karsten Buschard)
Academic Editor: Paola Giussani
Academic Editor: Paola Giussani
Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed) 2022, 27(12), 331;
https://doi.org/10.31083/j.fbl2712331
Submitted: 23 August 2022 | Revised: 22 November 2022 | Accepted: 22 November 2022 | Published: 27 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sphingolipids)
Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.
This is an open access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Abstract
Particular molecules play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. We suggest that the C24:0 sulfatide isoform may influence the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). C24:0 sulfatide is a sphingolipid with a long carbon-atom chain. A C16:0 sulfatide isoform is also present in the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. The C16:0 isoform exhibits chaperone activity and plays an important role in insulin production. In contrast, the C24:0 isoform may suppress the autoimmune attacks on beta cells that lead to T1D. Sphingolipid levels are reduced in individuals who later develop T1D but could be increased via dietary supplements or medication.
Keywords
sulfatide
C24:0 sulfatide
type 1 diabetes
pathogenesis
fenofibrate
beta cells
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