Insights from preclinical and clinical studies have attempted to highlight the importance of modified lipoprotein particles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, evidence is not conclusive. Since there is a relative dearth of clinical research in collecting useful information from traditional advanced lipoproteins testing, this present editorial introduces the aim of a special issue on modified lipoproteins as potential biomarkers for CVD. This issue aims at gathering a selection of insightful articles that address major challenges related to potential clinical use of modified lipoproteins as new CVD biomarkers. The editors seek to promote better mobilization of lipoproteins measurement for the pursuit of sustainable CVD clinical outcome and development of potential biomarkers. Knowledge and progress in this particular field will certainly help answering questions about clinical relevance of circulating modified lipoprotein subspecies and their potential use for better patient care and disease prevention. We hope that, when taken together, the focus on modified lipoproteins will stimulate new vision and reveal study key aspects for better clinical data outcome and more effective therapeutic strategies.