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Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark (FBL) is published by IMR Press from Volume 26 Issue 5 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher on a subscription basis, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Frontiers in Bioscience.

1 Jan 2017Review

Regulation of V-ATPase activity

Christina McGuire 1, Laura Stransky 2, Kristina Cotter 2, Michael Forgac 1,2,3,*
Affiliations
Article Info

1 Program in Biochemistry, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, USA

2 Program in Cell and Molecular Physiology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, USA

3 Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave., Boston, MA 02111, USA

Abstract

V-ATPases are ATP-driven proton pumps present in both intracellular and cell surface membranes of eukaryotes that function in many normal and disease processes. V-ATPases are large, multi-subunit complexes composed of a peripheral domain (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral domain (V0) that translocates protons. Because of the diversity of their functions, V-ATPase activity is controlled by a number of mechanisms. Regulated assembly of the V1 and V0 domains rapidly modulates V-ATPase activity in response to a variety of cues, including nutrient availability, growth factor stimulation and cellular differentiation. Considerable information has recently emerged concerning the cellular signaling pathways controlling regulated assembly. Acid secretion by epithelial cells in the kidney and epididymus is controlled by regulated trafficking of V-ATPases to the cell surface. Isoforms of subunit a of the V0 domain both control trafficking of V-ATPases to distinct cellular membranes and confer properties to the resultant complexes that help account for differences in pH between cellular compartments. Finally, differential expression of genes encoding V-ATPases subunits occurs in a number of contexts, including cancer.

Keywords

  • V-ATPase
  • Control Of Acidification
  • Control Of Cellular Ph
  • Regulated Assembly
  • Regulated Trafficking
  • Review

References

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