Molecular mechanisms in differentiated thyroid cancer

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Article

Molecular mechanisms in differentiated thyroid cancer

Jing Xie¹, Youben Fan^1,*, Xiaoping Zhang^2,3

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¹ Center of Thyroid and Parathyroid, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China

² Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai 10th People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

³ Institute of Intervention Vessel, Tongji University, North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, China

Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed) 2016, 21(1), 119–129; https://doi.org/10.2741/4379

Published: 1 January 2016

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogenesis and diagnostic modalities in cancer)

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Abstract

Thyroid cancer is a common endocrine malignancy. The tumorigenesis of thyroid tumours has been identified in recent years, including numerous genetic alterations and several major signalling pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in thyroid cancer metastasis remain controversial. Studies in thyroid cancer metastasis suggested that reactivation of several pathways, including epithelial to mesenchymal transition and microenvironment change, may be involved in thyroid cancer migration. The previously identified thyroid oncogenes, BRAF, RET/PTC and Ras, play important roles in regulating the metastatic process. Here, we review the recent knowledge eon molecular mechanisms involved in thyroid cancer metastasis.

Keywords

hyroid Cancer

Lymphaticand Distant Metastasis

Oncogenes

MicroRNA

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