IMR Press / FBL / Volume 19 / Issue 2 / DOI: 10.2741/4210

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark (FBL) is published by IMR Press from Volume 26 Issue 5 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher on a subscription basis, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Frontiers in Bioscience.

Review
Molecular diagnostics in gastric cancer
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1 Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
2 MRC Cancer Cell Unit, Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
4 Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
5 Department of Medicine - DIMED, Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed) 2014, 19(2), 312–338; https://doi.org/10.2741/4210
Published: 1 January 2014
Abstract

Despite recent advances in individualised targeted therapy, gastric cancer remains one of the most challenging diseases in gastrointestinal oncology. Modern imaging techniques using endoscopic filter devices and in vivo molecular imaging are designed to enable early detection of the cancer and surveillance of patients at risk. Molecular characterisation of the tumour itself as well as of the surrounding inflammatory environment is more sophisticated in the view of tailored therapies and individual prognostic assessment. The broad application of high throughput techniques for the description of genome wide patterns of structural (copy number aberrations, single nucleotide polymorphisms, methylation pattern) and functional (gene expression profiling, proteomics, miRNA) alterations in the cancer tissue lead not only to a better understanding of the tumour biology but also to a description of gastric cancer subtypes independent from classical stratification systems. Biostatistical means are required for the interpretation of the massive amount of data generated by these approaches. In this review we give an overview on the current knowledge of diagnostic methods for detection, description and understanding of gastric cancer disease.

Keywords
Gastric cancer
endoscopic imaging
Her2
pepsinogens
miRNA
array comparative genomic hybridisation
mucins
Review
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