Background: A common functional variant (c.-1306A>C, rs1617640) in the gene encoding erythropoietin (EPO) has been linked to expression of erythropoietin and markers of erythropoiesis. Aim of the current study was the analysis of the role of this polymorphism for long term survival of patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods: EPO genotypes as well as biomarkers for erythropoiesis were analyzed in a cohort of 946 patients with PAD. Survival follow-up was performed 20 years af-ter recruitment of patients. Results: Twenty years after recruitment, 752 (79.5%) patients were dead, 103 (10.9%) were still alive, and 91 (9.6%) were lost-to-follow up. In a Cox regression analysis including smoking habit, sex, type-2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and arterial hypertension, EPO genotypes were not associated with overall survival (Hazard ratio 0.63; 95% confidence interval 0.88–1.08, p = 0.63). Conclusions: The functional EPO rs1617640 gene polymorphism, irrespective of its association with markers of erythropoiesis, does not affect survival of PAD patients.