Dear colleagues,

The understanding and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) remain complex and challenging. Up to 30% of the global population suffer from MSDs, contributing significantly to disability and reduced quality of life. The economic burden is also substantial, with annual costs per patient often surpassing $5000 due to lost productivity, medical expenses, and long-term care.

Increasing evidence suggests that neural mechanisms play a key role in the development and maintenance of MSDs. Alterations in PNS and CNS processing, such as central sensitization, maladaptive plasticity, and altered pain pathways, are often observed in chronic musculoskeletal conditions. However, the specific contributions of these neural mechanisms remain only partially understood, leading to ongoing controversy about their classification and treatment.

The challenges associated with managing musculoskeletal pain are compounded by the limited efficacy of current therapeutic options, particularly in chronic cases in which pain persists despite interventions. Understanding the underlying neural mechanisms of MSDs is critical to developing innovative and targeted treatments. Recent advances in neuroimaging, molecular biology, and translational research are shedding light on the complex interplay between the nervous system and musculoskeletal tissues.

It is from this perspective that our interest in editing this special issue arises. The goal is to provide a deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying MSDs and to explore novel treatment strategies that address these pathophysiological processes. Submissions addressing basic and translational research are encouraged. We invite original research reports, review articles, short communications, and perspectives that contribute to advancing knowledge in this evolving and important field.

Dr. Luis Matesanz-García and Dr. Alfonso Gil-Martínez
Guest Editors