IMR Press / FBL / Volume 16 / Issue 2 / DOI: 10.2741/3703

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark (FBL) is published by IMR Press from Volume 26 Issue 5 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher on a subscription basis, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Frontiers in Bioscience.

Article
Growth Factors and their receptors in cancer metastases
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1 Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL Medical School, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK. shiyu.yang@medsch.ucl.ac.uk
Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed) 2011, 16(2), 531–538; https://doi.org/10.2741/3703
Published: 1 January 2011
Abstract

Metastatic, rather than primary tumours are responsible for ninety percent cancer deaths. Despite significant advances in the understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms in tumour metastases, there are limitations in preventive treatment of metastatic tumours. Much evidence arising from laboratory and clinical studies suggests that growth factors and their receptors are implicated in cancer metastases development. We review the origin and production of growth factors and their receptors in all stages of cancer metastases including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer cell invasion and migration, survival within the circulation, seeding at distant organs and metastatic tumour angiogenesis. The functions of growth factors and their receptors are also discussed. This review presents the efforts made in understanding this challenge to aid in the development of new treatment strategies for cancer metastases.

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