IMR Press / FBL / Volume 13 / Issue 4 / DOI: 10.2741/2780

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark (FBL) is published by IMR Press from Volume 26 Issue 5 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher on a subscription basis, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Frontiers in Bioscience.

Article

TMPRSS3, a type II transmembrane serine protease mutated in non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness

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1 Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
2 Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
3 Molecular Medicine Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed) 2008, 13(4), 1557–1567; https://doi.org/10.2741/2780
Published: 1 January 2008
Abstract

Recently, we and others have shown that mutations in TMPRSS3 were responsible for autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss. TMPRSS3 is a member of the Type II Transmembrane Serine Protease (TTSP) family and encodes for a protease that also contains LDLRA (low-density lipoprotein receptor class A) and SRCR (scavenger receptor cysteine rich) domains. Fourteen pathogenic mutations, which occur not only in the catalytic domain but also in the LDLRA and SRCR domains, have been identified to date that cause the DFNB8/10 forms of deafness. In vitro experiments demonstrated that TMPRSS3 mutants were proteolytically inactive indicating that TMPRSS3 protease activity is critical for normal auditory function. However, how missense mutations in the LDLRA and SRCR domains affect the proteolytic activity of TMPRSS3 remains to be elucidated. Although the role of TMPRSS3 in the auditory system is currently not completely understood, it has been shown to regulate the activity of the ENaC sodium channel in vitro and could therefore participate in the regulation of sodium concentration in the cochlea. TMPRSS3 mutations are not a common cause of hereditary deafness, the elucidation of its function is nevertheless important for better understanding of hearing, and provide biological targets for therapeutic interventions.

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