Frontiers in Bioscience-Elite (FBE) is published by IMR Press from Volume 13 Issue 2 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher on a subscription basis, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Frontiers in Bioscience.
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Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is used for the treatment of severe angina and heart failure in patients who are not candidates for revascularization. The clinical benefits of EECP extend well beyond the time period of any hemodynamic effects, but the cause of this prolonged effect is not understood. The prolonged clinical benefits suggest EECP could be a regenerative therapy. This study was performed to determine whether EECP increased circulating hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) or endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and thus be a possible regenerative therapy. The proposed mechanism of the increase in regenerative circulating stem cells is the enhanced shear forces induced on the endothelial boundary by the flow reversal produced by the sequential inflation of the pneumatic cuffs during EECP therapy.