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Die Pharmazie is published by IMR Press from Volume 81 Issue 1 (2026). Previous articles were published by another publisher under the CC-BY licence, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement.

Abstract

Five indolin-2-one derivatives bearing piperazinylbutyl side chains attached to the amide nitrogen were synthesized from 2-indolinone. 1-(4-Bromobutyl)-indolin-2-one was reacted with 1-piperazinecarboxaldehyde to form 1-(4-(4-formyl-1-piperazinyl)butyl)indolin-2-one (2). In the presence of H2SO4, the aldehyde moiety was removed from 1-(4-(4-formyl-1-piperazinyl)butyl)indolin-2-one and then 1-(4-(1-piperazinyl)butyl)indolin-2-one (3) was obtained, this compound was reacted with benzaldehyde derivatives to give the target compounds 4 a-e by N-alkylation reaction. The structures of the intermediates and the target compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, ESI-MS spectra and elemental analyses. In vitro receptor binding assays at D2, D3, D4 receptor subtypes of the target compounds were performed and the five compounds showed selectivity towards D2-like receptors. Among them, 1-(4-(4-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-1-piperazinyl)butyl) indolin-2-one (4c) exhibited a remarkable affinity and selectivity to D4 receptor with K i value of 0.5 nM. The results indicated that 1-(4-(4-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-1-piperazinyl)butyl)indolin-2-one might be a potential dopamine D4 receptor ligand.