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Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark (FBL) is published by IMR Press from Volume 26 Issue 5 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher on a subscription basis, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Frontiers in Bioscience.

1 Jan 2016Review
Mitochondrial anomalies: driver to age associated degenerative human ailments
Neha Bunkar 1, Arpit Bhargava 1,2, Naveen Kumar Khare 2, Pradyumna Kumar Mishra 1,2,*
Affiliations
Article Info

1 School of Biological Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour Central University, Sagar, India

2 Division of Translational Research, Tata Memorial Centre, ACTREC, Mumbai, India

Abstract

Mitochondria play a fundamental role in regulating a variety of complex metabolic processes to maintain adequate energy balance for cellular existence. To orchestrate these functions, an undisturbed mitochondrial dynamics is imperative through a set of tightly guided mechanisms. Interference in key signature processes by several genetic, epigenetic and age-linked factors triggers mitochondrial dysfunction through decrease in mitochondrial biogenesis, reduced mitochondrial content, aberrant mtDNA mutations, increased oxidative stress, deficient mitophagy, energy dysfunction, decrease in anti oxidant defense and impaired calcium homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is widely implicated in origin and development of various age associated degenerative human ailments including metabolic syndromes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. The present review revisits the mitochondrial anomalies involved in aetiology of different human diseases and also highlights the translational significance of nano-vectors aimed for selective mitochondrial engineering which might pave way for development of novel therapeutics.

Keywords

  • Mitochondrial Dysfunction
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Oxidative Damage
  • Redox Signaling
  • Review
  • Mitochondria Targeting
  • Review

References