Background: To evaluate both the impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA copies in women with HBV infection on the ovarian reserve function and outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF). Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on a total of 9927 couples undergoing their first IVF cycle. After filtering, 1570 couples (546 HBV-seropositive women and 1024 HBV-seronegative women whose partners were HBV-seronegative) failed to meet inclusion criteria. According to the HBV-DNA titers in serum, the HBV-seropositive group was divided into three groups: DNA-high copy group (n = 139), DNA-low copy group (n = 241), and DNA-negative group (n = 166). All patients underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation using the long downregulation protocol followed by IVF. Results: Compared with the HBV-negative group, HBV-positive women with high DNA copy exhibited lower antral follicle count (AFC) (11.9 \pm 4.3 vs 13.3 \pm 3.2), lower number of oocyte retrieved (9.2 \pm 5.7 vs 13.1 \pm 6.1), larger proportion of AFC 8 (7.9% vs 3.1%) and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) 2 \mug/L (8.6% vs 4.3%). Both high-DNA copy and low-DNA copy groups exhibited a lower fertilization rate (70.9% and 72.5% vs 75.1%), lower high-grade embryo rate (51.5% and 53.8% vs 56.9%), lower implantation rate (31.3% and 32.7% vs 38.5%), lower clinical pregnancy rate (40.3% and 42.3% vs 49.6% per cycle with OR; 45.5% and 48.8% vs 56.8% per cycle with ET) than the HBV-negative group. Moreover, a higher early abortion rate (19.6% and 15.7% vs 7.1%) was observed in the above two groups. Conclusion: HBV-DNA may have a negative effect on women’s ovarian reserve function which in turn results in poor fertilization rate, clinical pregnancy rate and high early abortion rate in IVF treatment.