Intracranial vascular-related diseases are a common occurrence in neurosurgery. They have complex and diverse pathogeneses; further, their diagnosis and treatment remain unclear. Three-dimensional image post-processing technology is an emerging technology that involves converting a brain image scan into a digital model using image post-processing software, thus establishing a 3D view of the region of interest. Three-dimensional visualisation of the brains of patients with cerebrovascular diseases can allow a more intuitive examination of the local anatomy of the lesion as well as the adjacency between the lesion and peripheral nerves, brain tissue, and skull bones. Subsequently, this informs pre-operative planning, allows more accurate diagnosis of cerebrovascular diseases, and improves the safety of surgical treatment. This review summarised the current literature regarding cerebrovascular diseases and the application of 3D image post-processing technology in different cerebrovascular diseases.