Background: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of
maternal serum creatinine, cystatin C, and uric acid levels in relation to fetal
death in pregnant women with preeclampsia. Methods: This retrospective
study evaluated 708 women with preeclampsia, and 738 healthy pregnant women were
selected as control. Medical records were reviewed to collect obstetric,
neonatal, and biochemical data, including creatinine, cystatin C, and uric acid
concentrations. Results: Maternal serum creatinine, cystatin C, and uric
acid concentrations were significantly higher in the preeclamptic group than in
the control (p 0.05). Preeclamptic women in the fetal death group
had significantly higher creatinine levels during their second and third
trimesters, and higher uric acid concentrations throughout the pregnancy compared
to the fetal survival group. Preeclamptic patients were divided into four groups
based on quartiles of uric acid levels. The overall fetal survival rate in
patients with upper-quartile uric acid concentrations was significantly lower
than those with low uric acid levels during pregnancy. Multivariate logistic
regression analysis revealed that uric acid concentration was a significant risk
factor for fetal death in the first and second trimesters in the preeclamptic
group (p 0.05). Conclusions: In pregnant women with
preeclampsia, fetal death was associated with upper-quartile uric acid
concentrations in the first and second trimesters. Uric acid levels can be an
indicator of fetal death in the early and middle stage of pregnancy.