IMR Press / CEOG / Volume 49 / Issue 2 / DOI: 10.31083/j.ceog4902047
Open Access Communication
Identification and characteristics of drug resistance and genotypes of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from intensive care units at obstetrics & gynaecology departments: a retrospective analysis
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1 Department of Clinical Microbiology, Associated hospital, Beihua University, 132013 Jilin, Jilin, China
2 Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Beihua University, 132013 Jilin, Jilin, China
*Correspondence: libinxian@126.com (Binxian Li); limingcheng@beihua.edu.cn (Mingcheng Li)
These authors contributed equally.
Academic Editor: Michael H. Dahan
Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol. 2022, 49(2), 47; https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ceog4902047
Submitted: 20 February 2021 | Revised: 6 May 2021 | Accepted: 28 June 2021 | Published: 11 February 2022
Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.
This is an open access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of SCCmec genotypes and drug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from intensive care units (ICU) at obstetrics & gynaecology departments in a tertiary hospital. Methods: MRSA obtained from patients admitted to the ICU were isolated and identified by using the Vitek 2 Compact System with GP21 342 cards. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and MRSA screening were determined by using the broth microdilution method according to CLSI guidelines. Determination of resistant genes and SCCmec genotypes were performed by multiplex PCR. Results: Of the 283 patients evaluated, 120 (42.4%) isolates were phenotypically and genotypically confirmed to be MRSA. Among 120 strains, 15 (12.5%) strains were SCCmec type II, 96 (80%) strains were SCCmec type III and 9 (7.5%) strains were undifferentiated type. All MRSA strains were recognized as multidrug resistant, exhibiting 100% resistance to cefoxitin and oxacillin, followed by erythromycin and levofloxacin (more than 80% and 90% respectively). Different SCCmec genotypes in MRAS isolates showed distinct antimicrobial agent patterns. SCCmec type II was highly resistant to clindamycin (93.3%) with lower resistance to tetracycline (26.7%) with SCCmec type III being highly resistant to gentamicin (91.7%). Undifferentiated strains were resistant to Cotrimoxazole (77.8%). There was a statistical difference among type II, type III and Undifferentiated strains (P < 0.05). Of interest, a high prevalence of resistance to rifampicin (more than 75%) was also noted in the hospital. With different SCCmec genotypes, MRSA isolates were sensitive to minocycline, quinupristin, teicoplanin, vancomycin and nitrofurantoin. Conclusions: Our data indicate that SCCmec type II and SCCmec type III of MRSA are circulating in the ICU and constitute a major source for the infection spread. It is necessary to increase surveillance of MRSA in the ICU and develop adequate infection prevention strategies.

Keywords
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
MRSA
SCCmec
Nosocomial infection
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