How HLA-DM works: recognition of MHC II conformational heterogeneity

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Scheherazade Sadegh-Nasseri^1,2,*, Chih-Ling Chou^2,3, Isamu Z. Hartman^2,3, AeRyon Kim², Kedar Narayan^2,5

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¹ Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA

² Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

³ Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

⁴ Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA

⁵ Biophysics Section, Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Academic Editor: Darja Kanduc

Front. Biosci. (Schol Ed) 2012, 4(4), 1325–1332; https://doi.org/10.2741/S334

Published: 1 June 2012

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Peptides: from basic research to clinical applications)

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Abstract

Helper T cells respond to peptide antigens derived from exogenous sources presented by MHC II on antigen presenting cells. Antigens from pathogens are internalized by professional antigen presenting cells (APC) and processed for presentation. Certain epitopes are selected during processing as the final peptides for stimulation of T cells and are termed "immunodominant". Understanding how selection of immunodominant epitopes takes place has been a difficult task because of the complexity of the mechanisms governing both antigen processing and T cell recognition. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of HLA-DM function in peptide exchange and selection and its relevance to epitope immunodominance.

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