Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare complication of chemotherapy characterized by thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and acute renal failure without disseminated intravascular coagulation. Although few cases of chemotherapy-induced HUS have been reported in gynecologic malignancy, it can be a fulminant, chronic disease and can be managed with early aggressive treatment. A 38-year-old woman was diagnosed with FIGO Stage IIb squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. After three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy that consisted of a combined regimen of mytomicin-C, vincristine, and cisplatin, a laparoscopic radical hysterectomy was performed, and the pathological diagnosis of the residual lesion was deep stromal invasion. Following two adjuvant courses of the same chemotherapy, she developed chemotherapy-induced HUS. The patient was aggressively treated with therapeutic plasma exchange with fresh-frozen plasma and a high dose of steroids. At the last follow-up, the serum creatinine level had decreased to 1.81 mg/dl, and evidence of recurrence was not found.