IMR Press / RCM / Volume 22 / Issue 4 / DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2204151
Open Access Systematic Review
A systematic review and pooled analysis of septal myectomy and edge-to-edge mitral valve repair in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
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1 Echocardiography Laboratory, Columbia University Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Heart Institute, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
2 Coronary Care Unit, Columbia University Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Heart Institute, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
3 Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord de Saint-Denis, 93200 Paris, France
*Correspondence: christos.mihos@msmc.com; drcmihos@gmail.com (Christos G. Mihos)
Academic Editor: Peter A. McCullough
Rev. Cardiovasc. Med. 2021, 22(4), 1471–1477; https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2204151
Submitted: 5 September 2021 | Revised: 30 September 2021 | Accepted: 13 October 2021 | Published: 22 December 2021
Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.
This is an open access article under the CC BY 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Abstract

Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction and systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve (MV) occurs in 70% of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients. In individuals undergoing septal myectomy, concomitant MV surgery is considered for SAM with residual LVOT obstruction or mitral regurgitation (MR); however, the optimal approach remains debated. A literature search was performed in Pubmed, EMBASE, Ovid, and the Cochrane library of published articles through June 2021 reporting on combined septal myectomy and edge-to-edge MV repair for obstructive HCM. Continuous variables were weighted and compared using a student’s t-test, and categorical variables using a chi-square test with Yates correction. Six studies with 158 total patients were included. The mean follow-up was 2.8 ± 2.7 years. Compared with pre-operative values, there were significant reductions in the LV ejection fraction (69 ± 10 vs 59 ± 8%), peak LVOT gradient (82 ± 34 vs 16 ± 13 mmHg), prevalence of moderate or greater MR (84 vs 5 %), and presence of SAM (96% vs 0) (p < 0.001 for all). There was no change in LV internal diastolic diameter (4.2 ± 1.3 vs 4.4 ± 1.5 cm, p = 0.32). There were 2 (1%) operative mortalities. At follow-up, the survival rate was 97%, there were 3 (2%) re-operative MV replacements, 4 (3%) patients remained in New York Heart Association functional class III/IV, and 8 (6%) required permanent pacemaker implantation. In conclusion, combined septal myectomy and edge-to-edge MV repair is a safe and effective treatment strategy in carefully selected patients requiring surgical HCM management.

Keywords
Alfieri stitch
Edge-to-edge repair
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
HOCM
Mitral regurgitation
Mitral valve repair
Systolic anterior motion
Figures
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