"Music of the Brain" is based on musical or music-like stimulation organized in close accordance with the biopotentials of a subject's brain. Initial studies of the "Music of the Brain" approach were analyzed and limitations were noted. To enhance the efficiency and usability of the approach, several combinations of music therapy with a neurofeedback technique - musical neurofeedback were developed. Enhanced efficiency of the approach has been shown for the correction of functional disturbances during pregnancy and for elimination of stress-induced states in high technology specialists. The use and advantages of musical neurofeedback technology for increasing human cognitive activity, correcting sleep disturbances, and treatment of disorders of attention were verified. After further development and testing the approach may be suited for a wide range of therapeutic and rehabilitation procedures in the public health arena.