Social capital is a valuable resource that can be raised and destroyed, and its level in society is path dependent and related to society's "collective memory" of experience with power structures. Social capital is found both on the network as well as society levels, and a relation between these exists. Fragmented societies with strong, exclusive network ties among the segments and clear-cut dual (inner and outer) moralities often lack strong inherent social capital. Informal norms of action superimpose formal ones and make the functioning of newly implemented institutions dysfunctional. They change very slowly. Russia seems to have performed the transition to a market economy but not to a market and civil society, because social capital on the societal level is rather weak, while it has remained rather strong on the personal network level. The structure of social space of personal relations is opposed to the structure of societal space as solidary civil "community".