IMR Press / FBS / Volume 5 / Issue 2 / DOI: 10.2741/S407

Frontiers in Bioscience-Scholar (FBS) is published by IMR Press from Volume 13 Issue 1 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher on a subscription basis, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Frontiers in Bioscience.

Review

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for injured growth plate

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1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 1E, Kent Ridge Road, 119288, Singapore

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

 

Front. Biosci. (Schol Ed) 2013, 5(2), 774–785; https://doi.org/10.2741/S407
Published: 1 January 2013
Abstract

The growth plate has a limited self-healing capacity. Fractures sustained to the growth plate of young children could cause growth disturbances like angular deformity or growth arrest. Established therapies for injured physis only address related complications. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells which are capable of differentiating into various cells of the musculoskeletal system. Various MSC types have been tested for physeal regeneration, through in vivo lapine, porcine and ovine models, for the duration of 4-16 weeks. The created defect sizes ranged from 7-50% of the growth plate area, to simulate clinically-encountered cases. In vitro models have also been investigated, as a means to screen potential treatments. The effects of MSCs gathered from these models have revealed its function in the prevention of bone bridge formation, with the subsequent development of organized physeal repair tissue. Possible influential factors like the number of implanted MSCs, preconditioned state, growth factors, chondrocyte-MSC interaction and scaffolds are discussed. Possible further studies to optimize physeal repair based on MSC therapy in articular cartilage are also included.

Keywords
Mesenchymal stem cells
Growth Plate
Cartilage
Chondrogenesis
Bone Bridge
Zonal Arrangement
Growth Factors
Articular Cartilage
Chondrocytes
Cartilage Repair
Review
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