IMR Press / CEOG / Volume 45 / Issue 1 / DOI: 10.12891/ceog3723.2018

Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology (CEOG) is published by IMR Press from Volume 47 Issue 1 (2020). Previous articles were published by another publisher on a subscription basis, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with S.O.G.

Original Research
A comparison in vitamin D receptor expression during oral menopausal hormone therapy and vaginal estrogen therapy
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1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
2 Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
3 Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University Graduate School, Asan, Republic of Korea
4 Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol. 2018, 45(1), 39–43; https://doi.org/10.12891/ceog3723.2018
Published: 10 February 2018
Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression in vaginal cell and vaginal maturation index (MI) of menopausal women after hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Materials and Methods: The authors enrolled 60 healthy postmenopausal women at one year after diagnosis of menopause who had no history of HRT. The subjects were randomized into two groups in an open label fashion. The oral HRT group was treated with one tablet (two mg drospirenone, one mg estradiol hemihydrate per tablet) per day for four weeks, and the vaginal estrogen therapy (ET) group used one vaginal suppository (500 μg estriol per tablet) every day over four weeks. The authors evaluated clinical characteristics, Kupperman index, and vaginal pH before and after treatment. Vaginal epithelial cells were obtained by vaginal swab and prepared to determine the vaginal MI or VDR expression using immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunofluorescence, followed by confocal microscopy before and after treatment. Results: The authors confirmed cytoplasmic expression of VDR in vaginal epithelial cells and that VDR expression was increased in the vaginal epithelium after both oral HRT and vaginal ET, although VDR expression after oral HRT was more effective in increasing VDR than vaginal ET. Conclusion: VDR expression in the vagina is affected by different types of HRT.
Keywords
Intravaginal
Estradiol
Estriol
Hormone replacement therapy
Receptors
Calcitriol
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