Objective: To study the de novo symptoms and their impact on life quality in patients that underwent transvaginal reconstructive pelvic surgery (RPS) with polypropylene mesh. Materials and Methods: From May 2004 to March 2011, 114 severe pelvic organ prolapse (POP) patients with Stage III-IV by POP-Q system underwent RPS with polypropylene mesh. Patients completed pelvic floor distress inventory short form (PFDI-20) and pelvic floor impact questionnaire short form (PFIQ-7) preoperatively and repeated them at two and six months, and one year postoperatively. Results: Ninety-six (84%, 96/114), 85 (75%, 85/114), and 77 (68%, 77/114) patients, respectively, completed the questionnaires at two months, six months, and one year postoperatively. All patients had POP-Q staging scoring ≤ I at one year after surgery. Nineteen (19.8%, 19/96) patients had mesh exposure at two and six months (7.8%, 6/77) at one year follow-up. Most vaginal and pelvic symptoms, urinary and obstructive defecation bothersome symptoms improved significantly at two months postoperatively and this improvement was maintained at the one year follow-up. Mean score of PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 all improved significantly postoperatively at two and six months and at one year follow-up (p < 0.01). Fifty percent (48/96) of patients had postoperative de novo symptoms at the two months follow-up predominantly presented with bothersome vaginal discharge (35.4%, 34/96) and pelvic muscle symptoms (20.8%, 20/96). Patients with de novo symptoms had higher postoperative mean POPDI-6 and POPIQ-7 scores (p < 0.05) than those without at the two month follow-up, but no significant difference was seen at the six month and at one year follow-ups. Patients with bothersome vaginal discharge had higher vaginal mesh exposure rate (41.2%, 14/34) than patients without (8.1%, 5/62) (p = 0.0003). One year after operation, 77 (68%) patients completed the non-validated satisfaction questionnaire. Seventy-four (96%, 74/77) patients said that they were either ‘very satisfied’ or ‘satisfied’ with the outcome of their surgery, while three (4%, 3/77) reported unsatisfactory results. Conclusions: De novo symptoms were common after transvaginal RPS with polypropylene mesh, but most of them were moderate and resolved within six months postoperatively and seldomly had a long-term negative impact on their quality of life. The impact of dyspareunia on patients’ sexual function requires further research.