Objective: This study aimed to investigate and speculate on the dietary habits and certain environmental factors of the Southeast Anatolia region which are thought to be related with fetal anomaly development. Materials and Methods: Patients admitted to Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology Department with fetal anomalies between January 2003 and June 2007 were evaluated. Three hundred and fifteen patients with intrauterine fetal anomaly were detected. The number of total deliveries during this period were 7,554. Twenty-eight of the patients were above the age of 35. According to the history of patient, mean gravidity was 6.6 (1-13), consanguineous marriage rate was 25%, previous abnormal rate was 15%, and previous missed abortion was 35%. Eighty-eight percent of patients were of low sociocultural status. The frequency of daily dietary habits, especially tea consumption, red chili pepper consumption and eating barbecued meat were questioned with the anamnesis. Results: Total fetal anomaly incidence was found to be 4.17%, neural tube defects 1.37%, renal anomalies 0.54%, non-immune fetal hydrops 0.46%, cystic hygroma 0.39%, central nervous system anomalies 0.36%, chromosomal anomalies 0.17%, gastrointestinal system anomalies 0.147%, sacrococcygeal teratoma 0.12%, cardiac anomalies 0.09%, and respiratory system anomalies 0.049%. Mean daily tea comsumption during pregnancy was 8 cups/day. Mean frequency of eating barbecued meat was 4 times/week. Mean chili pepper consumption was 10 g/day. Conclusion: In this study, four times higher overall fetal anomaly incidence appeared to be strongly correlated with Southeast Anatolia region’s dietary habits. In the future monitoring women’s dietary habits should have an important role in the prevention of fetal anomaly development.