Objective: A major problem with postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is its relatively low long-term continua­tion rate. The aim of the present study was to assess the contribution of physicians to the low long-term continuation rate by sur­veying their attitude and approach to the use of HRT in postmenopausal women .Patients and Methods: A questionnaire was sent to registered members of the North American Menopause Society. Data were collected on demographics, medical education and affiliation, attitude to the use of HRT and its contraindications, and follow-up strategies. Results: The response rate was 21 % (n = 218). Sixty-six percent of the physicians recommended HRT for every postmenopausal woman with no contraindications, and 11 % also took age and/or time since menopause into consideration. Eighty-six percent claimed they would try to persuade symptom-free women not interested in HRT into changing their minds. There was no correla­tion between the time since completion of residency or affiliation with a medical school and physicians' attitude to prescribing HRT or contraindication to HRT, or management strategy. However, type of specialty was significantly correlated with recommend HRT. Specialists in menopause showed a lower tendency to unconditionally recommend HRT (in the absence of contraindications) (67%) than specialists in reproductive endocrinology (90%), infertility (90%), gynecology (83%), and perinatology (84%) (p < 0.006, C-measure = 0.25) .Conclusions: The attitude toward HRT and the management strategies of members of the North American Menopause Society correlate with contemporary recommendations in the literature, indicating good training of young physicians and adequate updating of older ones. Thus, to increase the continuation rate of HRT, educational efforts should be directed primarily to the public rather than to medical professionals.